When you import by sea, you have two main options: FCL (full container load) or LCL (consolidated cargo). Choosing well directly impacts how much freight you pay and how long your cargo takes. Here we explain the differences and which is best for your case.
In this guide
What FCL is (full container load)
FCL (Full Container Load) means you book an entire container just for your cargo, even if you don't fill it completely. You pay for the full container (20' or 40'), not by volume. Your goods travel alone, sealed, without mixing with others.
What LCL is (consolidated cargo)
LCL (Less than Container Load) is when your cargo shares a container with other importers'. You pay only for the space (cubic meters) you take up. It's the ideal option when you don't have enough volume to fill a container.
Side-by-side comparison
| Aspect | FCL (full) | LCL (consolidated) |
|---|---|---|
| How it's charged | Per container | Per volume (CBM) |
| Ideal volume | More than ~15 CBM | Less than ~15 CBM |
| Cost for large volumes | Cheaper | More expensive |
| Cost for small volumes | More expensive | Cheaper |
| Transit time | Faster (direct) | Somewhat slower (consolidation) |
| Handling | Less (sealed cargo) | More (grouped and separated) |
Which is best for you
Choose LCL if your volume is smaller, you import small quantities or you're just starting: you pay only for what you use.
The break-even point depends on current rates and the type of cargo. The safest way to decide is to quote both options with your freight forwarder and compare the total landed cost.
And if the cargo is urgent or high-value? Air freight might be worth it — we compare it in another guide.
Written by the VS Logistics team.
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